What is hard water?

According to a recent U.S. Geological Survey, 85 percent of the United States’ geography has

hard water. Hard water is water that contains certain naturally occurring minerals, particularly

magnesium and calcium. Hard water causes many problems in a home, including deposits in sinks

and bathtubs and gummed-up pipes in home plumbing systems and water-using appliances.

Softening water will extend the life of these pipes and appliances and improve the efficiency of

water heaters, as well as provide better lather, more efficient use of soaps and detergents and

softer skin and shinier hair.

How do water softeners work?

Water softeners replace unwanted magnesium and calcium ions with sodium ions, which have none

of the negative effects of hard water. To do this, hard water runs through a bed of small plastic

beads that have sodium ions attached to them. As the water flows through, the sodium ions—which

also occur naturally in water—are released into the water and are replaced with the magnesium and

calcium ions on the resin beads.

Why do water softeners need regeneration?

Eventually, the beads in a water softener contain nothing but calcium and magnesium ions and stop

being effective. To refresh the system, water softeners periodically go through a process known as

regeneration. In regeneration, a brine solution of sodium chloride—made from salt pellets or block

salt—is flushed through the system, which replaces all calcium and magnesium in the system with

sodium. The calcium and magnesium, along with the remaining brine, is then drained into the home

wastewater system.

How does regeneration in Kinetico systems differ?

Most water softeners rely on an electric timer to indicate when it’s time to regenerate. Kinetico

systems only regenerate when necessary by metering water usage, so when a Kinetico user goes

on vacation, so does the system. Kinetico systems also regenerate from the bottom up rather than

the top–down method used by other water softeners. Since the minerals and resin beads tend to

settle at the bottom, bottom-up regeneration means the softener’s resin beads are more efficiently

cleansed and thoroughly utilized. Kinetico systems are also designed with twin tanks, so while one

tank is regenerating, the other is still working, providing conditioned water around the clock at the